University at Buffalo 3 credits Mechanical & Aerospace Engr
Crystal structure: lattice and basis, types of lattice, reciprocal lattice, index system for crystals, polytypism. Crystal binding: Van der Waals, Covalent, ionic, and metallic, equilibrium lattice constants. Deviation from ideal crystal structure: point, line and planar defects, point defects in ionic crystals, equilibrium point defect density. Effect of defects on material properties: structure sensitivity. Phases in a n-component system: phase and phase diagrams for a n-component systems, phase equilibrium, phase rule, ideal and non-ideal solid solutions and derivation of their free energy, level rule, ordered and disordered phases, superlattices. Nucleation and growth: embryo and nucleus during phase growth and resulting microstructure. Phase transition: first and second order phase transition, diffusionless and diffusion-assisted phase transitions. Concept of degenerate variants: twins as domains in a phase transition and their effect on mechanical properties, twin-equivalent phase inferromagnetic and ferroelectric phases, domains as basis for functional materials.
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